Nandi, Samit Kumar and Kundu, Biswanath and Mukherjee, Prasenjit and Mandal, Tapan Kumar and Datta, Someswar and De, Dipak Kumar and Basu, Debabrata (2009) In vitro and in vivo release of cefuroxime axetil from bioactive glass as an implantable delivery system in experimental osteomyelitis. Ceramics International, 35 (8). pp. 3207-3216. ISSN 0272-8842

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the characterisation, in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and anti microbial activity of bioactive glass (BG) impregnated with an antibiotic. The BG was prepared by normal glass melting procedures as a controlled release device to treat experimental osteomyelitis. The study design was for prospective in vivo experimental study. Two sets of porous bioactive glass ceramic blocks (9 mm x 4 mm x 4 mm and 20 mm x 9 mm x 9 mm) were fabricated using bioactive glass powder and subsequently antibiotic cefuroxime axetil (CFA) (55 and 125 mg on an average) was impregnated in these two sets of blocks, respectively. Osteomyelitis was produced in the right tibia of the rabbits according to the model of Norden. After thorough in vitro characterization of the porous blocks [including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transformed infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), thorough chemical analysis by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectra (ICP-AES) and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)] and in vitro elution of the said drug, in vivo test was carried out with rabbit species split into two groups: (a) animals treated with CFA impregnated bioactive glass and (b) parenteral [intra muscular (IM)] administration of CFA. Histological, radiological and drug concentration in bone and serum (measured by HPLC) in both groups were carried out. HPLC technique was used for determination of concentration both in vitro and in vivo. Fabricated porous struts showed amorphous microstructure without formation of any crystallite. The elution of said drug was stopped after 6 days in vitro. Histological studies at 3 and 6 weeks revealed formation of well-developed lamellar bone and havarsian canal. Radiological evaluation pointed out disappearance of sequestrum and existence of newly formed bony specules. Concentration of cefuroxime axetil in bone and serum showed highest value on day 21 which reduced marginally by day 42 and these values were higher than minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus (known pathogen for chronic osteomyelitis). It could be concluded that the biodegradable antibiotic carrier system developed in this study proved to be an effective therapeutic approach toward an experimental model of osteomyelitis. Based particularly on the in vivo results of the study, this cefuroxime axetil incorporated bioactive glass blocks can be Successfully used in clinical cases of osteomyelitis in veterinary as well as human orthopaedic surgery.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Osteomyelitis; Sustained release; Bioactive glass; In vitro; In vivo
Subjects:	Glass > Glass Properties Ceramic-Metal Systems
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User:	Ashok K Podder
Date Deposited:	21 Feb 2012 11:00
Last Modified:	21 Feb 2012 11:00
URI:	http://cgcri.csircentral.net/id/eprint/660

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