Svetlizky, David and Das, Mitun and Zheng, Baolong and Vyatskikh, Alexandra L and Bose, Susmita and Bandyopadhyay, Amit and Schoenung, Julie M and Lavernia, Enrique J and Eliaz, Noam (2021) Directed energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing: Physical characteristics, defects, challenges and applications. Materials Today, 49. pp. 271-295. ISSN 1369-7021