Sengupta, Debasish and Bhowmik, Koushik and De, Goutam and Basu, Basudeb
(2017)
Ni nanoparticles on RGO as reusable heterogeneous catalyst: effect of Ni particle size and intermediate composite structures in C-S cross-coupling reaction.
Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry , 13.
pp. 1796-1806.
ISSN 1860-5397
Abstract
The present work demonstrates the C-S cross-coupling reaction between aryl halides and thiols using nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) supported on reduced graphene oxide (Ni/RGO) as a heterogeneous catalyst. It is observed that the uniformly dispersed Ni NPs supported on RGO could exhibit excellent catalytic activity in C-S cross-coupling reactions and the catalytic application is generalized with diverse coupling partners. Although the electron-rich planar RGO surface helps in stabilizing the agglomeration-free Ni NPs, the catalytic process is found to occur involving Ni(II) species and the recovered catalyst containing both Ni(0)/Ni(II) species is equally efficient in recycle runs. A correlation of loading of Ni species, size of NPs and the intermediate Ni-related heterostructures formed during the catalytic process has been established for the first time, and found to be best in the C-S cross-coupling reaction for Ni(0) and Ni(II) NPs of the average sizes 11-12 nm and 4 nm, respectively.
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